Thermophoresis, Brownian Diffusion, Porosity, and Magnetic Parameters' Effects on Three-Dimensional Rotating Ag-CuO/H2O Hybrid Nanofluid Flow across a Linearly Stretched Sheet with Aligned Magnetic Field

Nanofluids are crucial to explore since they have substantial industrial applications and their rapid heat transfer rates. A brand-new category of nanofluid called "hybrid nanofluid" is now being employed speed up even further. The objective novelty this study investigates the impact different parameters on flow a rotating, three-dimensional Ag-CuO/H2O hybrid over linearly stretched sheet with an aligned magnetic field. These include thermophoresis, Brownian diffusion, porosity, parameter, Forchheimer number. revealed that when temperatures decrease, CuO Ag nanoparticle volume fractions lead improved concentration velocity profiles, correspondingly, momentum boundary layer thickness enhanced while thermal reduced. investigation also reveals temperature rises higher levels some parameters, profile fall, concetration effects factors rates skin friction, heat, mass transmission can be explored. Higher values K cause Nusselt Sherwood numbers rise, whereas Fr,ϵ,M,α Nb them fall. nonlinear ODEs formed from governing system PDEs solved in using MATLAB BVP-5C shooting method. contribution work understanding behaviour nanofluids its potential development optimization nanofluid-based systems for various engineering applications.